FAQs

Click through to learn the answers to common solar questions.

How Solar Works

The project is expected to generate 85MW, which can power around 25,500 U.S. households.

Solar Electricity Production

As sunlight hits the solar panels, the solar radiation is converted into direct current (DC) electricity. 

The direct current is collected on cables from each “string” of panels and flows into power inverters, where it is converted into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is suitable for use by homes and businesses. 

The AC electricity from the power inverters is again collected using a series of cables and delivered to a central electrical substation, where it passes through a power transformer. The transformer boosts the voltage of the current to match the voltage at the point of delivery at the local utility substation. 

The local utility distributes electricity to homes and businesses along its electrical grid. 

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Regional Test Centers have shown that solar can still successfully generate electricity in snowy areas and other harsh environments. However, for areas prone to snow and ice, fixed-tilt panels are installed at an angle to optimize the amount of solar energy that hits them.  This angular mounting also allows most snow and ice to slide off the panels and onto the ground once the sun rises and begins to warm the panels.

Murch will also feature solar tracking panels that can be placed into the “stowed” position to avoid or minimize potential weather effects from snow and ice.

Solar farms and panels can operate efficiently for 20-25 years or more. The actual life of the project itself may be determined based on the lease between the operator and the landowner or the contract between the project developer and the offtaker. The expected lifespan of the Murch Solar project is 30 years.

It is possible that once the panels reach the end of their useful life, those panels can be removed, recycled, and replaced by newer, more efficient panels. Whether that happens is up to the developer/operator, the landowner, and the local utility or customer.

Land and Water

No. Solar projects do not generate air or water emissions or hazardous waste during their operations.

Crystalline silicon panels represent approximately 90 percent of solar panels in use today. Research has shown that they “do not pose a material risk or toxicity to public health and safety.” (“Health and Safety Impacts of Solar Photovoltaics,” N.C. State University, N.C. Clean Energy Technology Center, May 2017)    

Even if damaged, the solar cell will not shatter or create debris, just like a windshield may crack but stay intact.

We plan to ensure proper control of stormwater run-off through a combination of securing proper permits and continuing coordination with county road and drainage commissions.

The project will not use significant amounts of water during operations. Rain is expected to be sufficient for the cleaning of panels.

Economics

Murch will pay over $7 million in property taxes to Lawrence Township over the lifetime of the project. This money will support local services such as schools, roads, EMS, etc.

Depending on the site, solar projects are located on land that generates relatively little tax revenue and, in some cases, little revenue overall. Additionally, solar projects utilize minimal public infrastructure (water, sewer, schools, police, and first responders) relative to commercial or residential development, so the cost to the locality is typically very low. Utility-scale solar projects create local construction jobs and increase business and revenue for local services such as local suppliers, stores, restaurants, and hotels. The projects also create a small number of permanent jobs for vegetation management, along with the general options and maintenance of the facility.

Additionally, solar projects provide revenue to local landowners in the form of lease payments, enabling them to retain the economic viability of their land, as well as to ensure that it is retained as farmland (assuming the land is farmland) for generations to come. Farmers appreciate the economic stability that comes with a solar project, which can balance out the cyclical and often inconsistent revenue that comes from farming. 

Other Questions and Concerns

More than 85 percent of a solar PV module is made of materials that we already know how to recycle, like aluminum and glass. The challenge is making the recycling of solar equipment economic. As more and newer panels come online, the economics of deconstructing and recycling solar are expected to improve significantly.

To the extent possible, project equipment will be reconditioned, resourced, and/or recycled. For example, solar panels typically consist of glass, polymer, aluminum, copper, and semiconductor materials that can be recovered and recycled at the end of their useful life. Any materials that cannot be recycled are safely disposed of at approved facilities. 

Photovoltaic panels are constructed with non-reflective coatings, glass, or other materials. These panels are designed to absorb as much sunlight as possible to maximize electrical generation, rather than reflecting sunlight. Additionally, the metal supports that form the racking system are typically constructed using galvanized steel or aluminum.

All of our systems are designed with great care to ensure that glint and glare are eliminated or kept to an absolute minimum.

Vegetation is managed based on local requirements and site-specific conditions. We try to ensure that plantings and their maintenance are based on the environmental and natural characteristics native to the area and region. We take greater care to ensure that any substances applied to prevent invasive plants are consistent with local environmental requirements and standards.

Solar panels do not make any sound themselves. That said, the solar farm has inverters and transformers that may produce a low hum when operating during peak power production hours, which is typically during the hours between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Gears that are used in tracking equipment may also make low-level sound when operating. All of this equipment makes no sound during the non-daylight hours when the project is not operating. 

The important thing to note is that solar farms are typically sited at a distance from any on-site or neighboring residences or other habitable structures. The use of buffers and setbacks is designed to prevent any audible sound above natural ambient levels from being heard. 

Before any solar project is developed, Heelstone works through any number of studies and analyses, including road infrastructure, to ensure minimal impact on the community. This includes working with the community and local officials to ensure that any construction traffic for workers and equipment is staged to minimize local impacts.

Many renewable energy projects are required to gain local or county approval of a Road Use Agreement, which is a demonstration to local officials that any transportation and roadway impacts are minimized and, to the extent that any damage occurs, Heelstone is responsible for the cost of any repairs. 

A solar project can take several years to develop from concept and design to actual completion of construction, including all permitting, interconnection approvals, site preparation, and installation of foundations, racking, and panels.

That said, the actual construction of the project itself – depending on the size of the project – can take approximately 12-18 months. Early construction activities are planned to start in Fall of 2025, and are estimated to finish early 2027.